Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ědъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ed- (“to eat”). Alternatively from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eyd- (“to swell”), in which case cognate to Ancient Greek οἶδος (oîdos, “swelling, tumour”) and Proto-Germanic *aitrą (“poison, puss”).

Noun

*ědъ m

1. poison, venom
2. (figurative) malice

Inflection

Declension of *ědъ (hard o-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ědъ	*ěda	*ědi
genitive	*ěda	*ědu	*ědъ
dative	*ědu	*ědoma	*ědomъ
accusative	*ědъ	*ěda	*ědy
instrumental	*ědъmь, *ědomь*	*ědoma	*ědy
locative	*ědě	*ědu	*ěděxъ
vocative	*ěde	*ěda	*ědi

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

adjective

• *ědovitъ

 

Related terms

nouns

• *ědь
• *ěďa

 

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: ѣдъ (ědŭ), ꙗдъ (jadŭ)
    • Belarusian: яд (jad)
    • Russian: яд (jad)
    • Ukrainian: їд (jid) (obsolete)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: ꙗдъ (jadŭ)

  • Bulgarian: яд (jad)
  • Macedonian:
  • Serbo-Croatian:
    • Cyrillic script: ја̏д, је̑д
    • Latin script: jȁd, jȇd
  • Slovene: jâd (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: jěd
    • Czech: jed
  • Kashubian: jôd
  • Old Polish: jad
    • Polish: jad
  • Slovak: jed
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: jěd
    • Upper Sorbian: jěd

• Non-Slavic:
  • → Komi-Zyrian: яд (jad)
  • → Eastern Mari: яд (jad)
  • → Udmurt: яд (jad)

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “яд”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress