-vi

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Finnish

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Proto-Finnic *-bi, weak grade of *-pi, derived from Proto-Finnic *-pa (participle ending). Compare Estonian -b.

Suffix

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-vi

  1. An archaic/poetic variant of the standard third-person present.
    • 1849, Elias Lönnrot, “Pream”, in John Martin Crawford, transl., Kalevala[1]:
      Mieleni minun tekevi, aivoni ajattelevi, lähteäni laulamahan, saa’ani sanelemahan, sukuvirttä suoltamahan, lajivirttä laulamahan.
      Mastered by desire impulsive, by a mighty inward urging, I am ready now for singing, ready to begin the chanting.

Usage notes

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In modern Finnish, the singular third-person present is formed by lengthening the final stem vowel (see -V).

Gun

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Proto-Gbe *-ví (literally child) stems from same root as òví (child). Cognates include Fon -ví, Saxwe Gbe -ví, Adja -vi, Ewe -vi

Pronunciation

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Suffix

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-ví

  1. Forms a diminutive noun.
    àvún (dog)àvún (puppy, literally little dog)
    àlɔ̀ (hand)àlɔ̀ (finger, literally little hand)
    kòkló (chicken)kòkló (chick, literally little chicken)
  2. Used to form nouns describing the origin of a person or group of a certain ethnic group or nationality.
    Synonyms: -tɔ́, -tọ́, -nù
    (country) (citizen, literally child of the country)
    Benɛ́tò (the country of Benin)Benɛ́tò (Beninese citizen, literally child of Benin)

Derived terms

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Italian

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Pronoun

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-vi

  1. (enclitic) Alternative form of vi
    dare (to give)darvi (to give yourselves; to give you; to give for you)
    vendere (to sell)vendervi (to sell yourselves; to sell you; to sell to you)
    servire (to serve)servirvi (to serve yourselves; to serve you; to serve to you)

Usage notes

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  • Appended to present active infinitive verb forms to derive reflexive, accusative and dative forms when the object is second plural person. The final -e of the original infinitive is removed :
-are-arvi
-ere-ervi
-ire-irvi

Where the verb ends in -rre, the final re is removed, leaving behind just an -r:

introdurre (to introduce)introdurvi (to introduce yourselves; to introduce you; to insert in you)

In any case, after the suffixation, there is only a single r and no vowels immediately before -vi.

Latin

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Suffix

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-vī

  1. inflection of -vus:
    1. nominative/vocative masculine plural
    2. genitive masculine/neuter singular

Sassarese

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Adverb

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-vi

  1. enclitic form of vi (here; there)

Derived terms

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Pronoun

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-vi

  1. enclitic form of vi
    1. you (plural)
    2. for/to you (plural)
    3. it, to it

Usage notes

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  • When appended to words stressed on the final syllable, it becomes -vvi.
    assé (to be) + ‎-vi → ‎assevvi (there be)