習慣

See also: 习惯

Chinese

		to practise; to study; habit	accustomed to; used to
trad. (習慣)		習	慣
simp. (习惯)		习	惯
anagram		慣習／惯习

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xíguàn

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧˊ ㄍㄨㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zaap⁶ gwaan³

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): si̍p-koan

  (Meixian, Guangdong): xib⁶ guan⁴

• Eastern Min (BUC): sĭk-guáng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): si̍p-koàn

  (Teochew, Peng'im): sib⁸ guêng³ / sib⁸ guang³

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁸zhiq-kue

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xíguàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧˊ ㄍㄨㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: síguàn
    • Wade–Giles: hsi²-kuan⁴
    • Yale: syí-gwàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyiguann
    • Palladius: сигуань (siguanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi³⁵ ku̯än⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: zaap⁶ gwaan³
    • Yale: jaahp gwaan
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzaap⁹ gwaan³
    • Guangdong Romanization: zab⁶ guan³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡saːp̚² kʷaːn³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: si̍p-koan
    • Hakka Romanization System: xib guan
    • Hagfa Pinyim: xib⁶ guan⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /sip̚⁵ ku̯an⁵⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: xib⁶ guan⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /sip̚⁵ kuan⁵³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: sĭk-guáng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /siʔ⁵⁻²¹ kuɑŋ²¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: si̍p-koàn
    • Tâi-lô: si̍p-kuàn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sibkoaxn
    • IPA (Xiamen): /sip̚⁴⁻³² kuan²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /sip̚²⁴⁻² kuan⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /sip̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kuan²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /sip̚⁴⁻³² kuan¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /sip̚⁴⁻³² kuan²¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: sib⁸ guêng³ / sib⁸ guang³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: si̍p kuèng / si̍p kuàng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sip̚⁴⁻² kueŋ²¹³/, /sip̚⁴⁻² kuaŋ²¹³/

Note:

• sib8 guêng3 - Chaozhou;
• sib8 guang3 - Shantou.

• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁸zhiq-kue
    • MiniDict: zhih^入 kue
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁵xxiq-kue
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ʑiɪʔ¹¹ kue²³/

Verb

習慣

1. to be accustomed to; to be in the habit of

   我能習慣這樣的生活。 [MSC, trad.]
   我能习惯这样的生活。 [MSC, simp.]

   Wǒ néng xíguàn zhèyàng de shēnghuó. [Pinyin]

   I could get used to this kind of life.

Usage notes

• Unlike Mandarin, 習慣／习惯 is rarely used as a verb in Min Nan; 慣勢／惯势 (kòan-sì) is used instead.

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 習慣 (“to get used to; to be accustomed to”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		習慣
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	習慣
	Malaysia	習慣
	Singapore	習慣
Cantonese	Guangzhou	慣, 習慣
	Hong Kong	慣, 習慣
	Singapore (Guangfu)	慣
Hakka	Meixian	習慣, 慣
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	慣, 慣勢
Southern Min	Xiamen	慣勢
	Quanzhou	慣勢
	Zhangzhou	慣勢
	Taipei	慣勢, 習慣 GT
	Tainan	慣勢
	Kinmen	慣勢
	Penang (Hokkien)	慣勢
	Singapore (Hokkien)	慣勢
	Shantou	習慣, 慣
	Jieyang	慣勢
Wu	Shanghai	習慣
Note	GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)

Antonyms

• 不慣／不惯 (bùguàn)

Noun

習慣

1. custom; habit (Classifier: 個／个 m c)

   養成習慣／养成习惯  ―  yǎngchéng xíguàn  ―  to form a habit

   改變壞習慣／改变坏习惯  ―  gǎibiàn huài xíguàn  ―  to change a bad habit

Synonyms

• 習性／习性 (xíxìng)

Derived terms

• 習慣勢力／习惯势力
• 習慣性／习惯性
• 習慣成自然／习惯成自然 (xíguàn chéng zìrán)
• 習慣法／习惯法 (xíguànfǎ)
• 習慣用語／习惯用语 (xíguàn yòngyǔ)
• 風俗習慣／风俗习惯 (fēngsú xíguàn)

 

Further reading

• “Entry #7792”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.

Japanese

Kanji in this term
習	慣
しゅう Grade: 3	かん Grade: 5
kan’on

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɕɨᵝːkã̠ɴ]

Noun

習(しゅう)慣(かん) • (shūkan) ^{←しふくわん (sifukwan)?}

1. custom, habit; way

   地域(ちいき)の習慣(しゅうかん)

   chiiki no shūkan

   regional custom

   社会的(しゃかいてき)習慣(しゅうかん)

   shakaiteki shūkan

   social custom

Derived terms

• 習慣的(しゅうかんてき) (shūkanteki, “customary; conventional”)

See also

• 慣習(かんしゅう) (kanshū)
• 癖(くせ) (kuse, “habit; tendency”)

Korean

Hanja in this term
習	慣

Noun

習慣 • (seupgwan) (hangeul 습관)

1. Hanja form^? of 습관 (“habit”).

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
習	慣

Noun

習慣

1. chữ Hán form of tập quán (“habit”).